Hyperlife Medical Centre

010 020 5050 | 80 Van Bergen St,
Brackenhurst, Alberton

Morningside Mediclinic

011 883 1719 | Rivonia Rd, Hill Rd,
Sandton, 2057

TARSAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

tarsal tunnel syndrome

What is it?

You may be familiar with the term carpal tunnel syndrome, a condition in the wrist where a nerve gets pinched. Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a similar condition.

The main nerve under the foot gets compressed behind the ankle. This leads to a wide spectrum of symptoms including burning, tingling, numbness, aching and pain behind the ankle and under the arch of the foot.

Unfortunately, the results of this type of surgery are not very predictable, and only 80% of patients will experience a full recovery.

Recurrence of symptoms with burning and tingling can occur, and rarely, your pain can be worse after this surgery which is then called a chronic regional pain syndrome.

What is tarsal tunnel surgery?

  • A cut is made behind the ankle, about 6-8 cm in length
  • The deeper tissues are opened, and the lining of the nerve is released
  • The nerve divides into a number of main branches, and for each nerve branch, the tight covering or retinaculum is released and the pressure on the nerve is relaxed.
  • Some surgeons open the nerve itself, however this is not part of the surgery which I will do, since this increases scarring on the nerve after surgery.

General Recovery Facts

  • You can expect moderate pain for a few days.
  • You are not allowed to walk on the foot for about two weeks.
  • You may use crutches or a walker if needed.
  • You may drive by about 14 days if it is your right foot, and 21 days if it is your left foot.
  • The foot needs to be bandaged for about 10 days.
  • You will not be able to get the foot wet while the foot is bandaged.
  • You can start doing light exercise at about 4 weeks.
  • You will be able to wear a sneaker type shoe at about 6 weeks.
  • The ankle will remain puffy and swollen for 6-9 months.
  • You can expect some tingling ad burning feelings in the ankle for a few months.
  • Nerve medication should be taken if the nerve symptoms are uncomfortable.

Specific post-operative recovery

  • Foot is wrapped in a below knee cast or splint with bandages depending on swelling.
  • Elevate the leg on some pillows when awake however when sleeping elevate the base of the bed with 2 bricks or thick books so that the limb does not fall of the pillow at night and you wake up swollen.
  • Take pain and DVT prophylaxis medication as prescribed.
  • Expect numbness in foot 4-12 hours, followed by pain for usually one more day.
  • Do not allow foot to hang down and apply ice packs when needed.
  • If you are travelling, move the toes as much as possible to stimulate the calf muscle however travel during this time is not advisable.
  • First follow-up in the office.
  • Wound or cast inspection for any possible complications or irritable areas +- adjustment of cast.
  • Start full weight-bearing in cast with post-operative shoe and crutches initially to pain and swelling.
  • Can allow foot to hang down at 3 weeks provided no pain and swelling occurs.

CAST REMOVED

  • Cast is removed by my dressing Sister and wound inspected.
  • If incision is dry and completely healed, swimming is permitted for rehabilitation purposes taking care to not jump in the pool or apply any unnecessary force.
  • Gentle exercise on bicycle without resistance or swimming is permitted preferably guided by physiotherapist.
  • At this stage Moon boot is fitted and foot is prevented from inverting or everting and must be used for 6 weeks for any form of walking however patient does not need to sleep with this brace.
  • Massage the scar over the ankle 3 times a day with a lubricant.
  • Massage should continue for 3 months or until no irritation over the scar is presen.t
  • If swelling is problematic you may require the use of a compression sock.
  • Start physical therapy under supervision with my protocols and this will focus on scar desensitisation and tendon glide mostly.
  • Third followup in rooms at 12 weeks with weight-bearing control x-ray.
  • Light nonimpact exercise may commence to pain and swelling.
  • Sneakers with a straight medial border and supportive sole.
  • Discontinuation of hallux strapping.
  • Continued range of motion exercises.
  • More vigorous exercise with Biokineticist for the next 8-12 weeks in order to achieve strength within 10% of the unaffected side hence clearing you for return to sport.
  • Can discontinue boot at this stage and use a shoe with a supportive sole and a slight heel lift (heel cup) inside the sole of the shoe .
  • Flat running on treadmill by 3 months.
  • Followup in my consultation rooms.
  • Photographs and video taken of range of motion and strength.
  • Cutting sports by 4-6 months.
  • May require gait analysis and custom orthotics to be made on an individual basis.
  • Final followup in my consultation rooms.
  • Photographs are taken of range of motion and strength.
  • Patient outcome score taken.
  • Patient is usually discharged at this stage.